班级:___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________
一、阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Have you ever heard a news reporter talk about DNA?Reporters talk about DNA found at the scene of a crime.They talk about police finding DNA “fingerprints”.Police sometimes use DNA as a clue to find out who committed the crime.
DNA is a substance(物质)that makes up genes.Everything alive has genes.Plants have genes.Animals have genes.You have genes.
Genes are the basic units of heredity(遗传).Heredity means all the characteristics you inherit from your
parents.You get your genes from your parents.You inherit half of your genes from your mother.You inherit half of your genes from your father.
Genes are a kind of code.A tree’s genes tell what shape its leaves will be.A cat’s genes tell what color its fur will be.Your genes tell what color your eyes will be.Your genes tell what color your hair will be.Everything about you comes from the code in your genes.
Genes line up on strands(链)called chromosomes(染色体)in cells.Everything alive is made up of cells.Chromosomes are in the center,or nucleus of cells.
Different parts of you are made of different kinds of cells.Your muscles are made of muscle cells.Your skin is made of skin cells.The code in your genes tells your body to make different kinds of cells.The genes in each cell tell the cell how to work.They tell the cell when to make new copies of itself.
An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel first saw inherited patterns in pea plants.He experimented with pea plants in the 1860s.One of the things,or traits(特质) Mendel studied was what makes some pea plants tall and some short.He said that the traits must come from units of heredity passed from the parent plants.These units were later called genes.
In the mid-1900s,scientists discovered that genes are made of DNA.In the 1970s,scientists learned how to change DNA with genetic engineering.Scientists also learned that problems with certain genes cause
diseases.Muscular dystrophy,cystic fibrosis,and hemophilia are some genetic diseases—diseases caused by problems in genes.Today,scientists are looking for ways to cure genetic diseases by changing genes through a process called gene therapy. 【1】What is DNA?
A．DNA is a kind of gene.
B．DNA is a substance that makes up genes. C．DNA is the basic unit of heredity. D．DNA is a measure to protect crime.
【2】Which of the following about genes is correct according to the passage? A．Plants,animals and human beings have the same genes.
B．Half people inherit all genes from their mother,others from their father.
C．Genes decide the trees shapes,the cats’ fur color and our eyes’ color as well. D．Genes will give you a code when you need them.
【3】An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel . A．first saw inherited patterns in people
B．was interested in why plants were different
C．first called the units of heredity from parents genes D．was the first who discovered genes
【4】We can conclude that .
A．scientists were less intelligent than monks in the 1900s B．some genes are bad and can cause diseases
C．we don’t need to worry about genetic diseases any longer D．the discovery of genes may be of great help in our daily life
2.阅读理解。 B
Cloning is suggested as a means of bringing back a relative,usually a child,killed tragically.Some parents can understand that wish,but it must first be recognized that the copy would be a new baby and not the lost
child.Here lies the difficulty,for the sad parents are seeking not a new baby but a return of the dead one.Since the original would be fondly remembered as having particular talents and interest,would not the parents expect the copy to be the same?It is possible,however,that the copy would develop quite differently.Is it fair to the new child to be placed in a family with such unnatural expectations?
Copying is also suggested as a means by which parents can have the child of their dreams.Couples might choose to have a copy of a film star,baseball player or scientist,depending on their interest.But because
personality is only partly the result of genetic inheritance(遗传),conflicts would be sure to arise if the cloned child failed to develop the same interest as the original.What if the copy of Einstein shows no interest in science?Or the baseball player turns to acting?Success also depends upon fortune.What if the child does not live up to the hopes and dreams of the parents simply because of bad luck?
Every child should be wanted for itself,as an individual.In making a copy of oneself or some famous person,a parent is deliberately(深思熟虑地)specifying(详细说明)the way he or she wishes that child to develop.In recent years,particularly in the U.S.,much importance has been placed on the right of individuals to reproduce in ways that they wish.So I suggest there is a greater need to consider the interest of the child and to reject these proposed uses of cloning.
【1】What happens to parents in cloning a lost child? A．Parents expect too much from the copy. B．Parents may get a quite different copy. C．Parents are sure to have an identical copy. D．Parents lose the talents of the lost child.
【2】What,in the author’s opinion, affects the success of parents’ dreams? A．The cloned child’s interest in Einstein. B．The cloned child’s natural talent. C．The cloned child’s personality. D．The efforts of the parents.
【3】In the last paragraph,the author implies that . A．the cloned child is viewed as independent
B．the right of growing in his own way is taken away from the cloned child C．parents carefully protect the rights of the cloned child
D．parents are eager to wish the cloned child to be somebody.
【4】In this passage,the author is mainly concerned about . A．the future of a cloned child B．the possibility of cloning people C．the importance of cloning a lost child D．the problems of a cloned child
二、其他
七选五阅读。
Pearls of wisdom in Proverbs
Out of sight,out of mind.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. 【1】Each of the proverbs mentioned above teaches a common truth.But what exactly is a proverb?It’s a short statement that contains a general truth.It is popularly known and often repeated. Every culture has proverbs.
【2】For example,many cultures value old people for their wisdom and experience.This idea can be found in proverbs.A Chinese proverb says,“An old horse will never get lost.” And a Portuguese proverb states,“An old pan is the one that makes good food.”
【3】The English say,“Good and quickly seldom meet.” The Chinese say,“Think three times before you act.” A Russian proverb exclaims,“Take your thoughts to bed with you,for the morning is wiser.”
There is a saying:To truly know a people,learn their proverbs.Proverbs contain a culture’s values and morals.
【4】 People in Saudi Arabia value books and learning.One of their proverbs says,“A book is a garden carried in the pocket.” The French say,“There is no pillow so soft as a clear conscience.” So that culture thinks that being honest is important.Egyptians know the value of friendship.One of their proverbs say,“Friendship doubles joy and halves grief.”
In Africa,many proverbs also use images familiar to Africans.For example,“The best way to eat an elephant in your path is cut him up into little pieces.”
【5】 Or “A roaring lion kills no game.” This means that one cannot achieve anything by sitting around and talking about it.One must get out and strive for it.
Learning proverbs in another language is fun.You can make a good impression with your language ability.But remember proverbs are usually used in spoken language.They are rarely used in writing.If you use a lot of proverbs when you write,people will think you don’t have original thoughts. A．What is your favorite proverb?
B．Have you heard any of these proverbs before?
C．Many cultures also agree that acting in a hurry is not a good idea. D．And while some are special for one culture,there are common themes. E.In other words,the best way to solve a problem is to work on it bit by bit. F.There are also proverbs such as “get your ducks in a row.”
G.So you can learn what is valued in different cultures through their proverbs.
三、完形填空
完形填空。
My mom cooked for my classmates in my elementary school.Although she loved me so much,I still hated her.I was ______ to accept the fact that she was different and ______ talking with her in my school.
One day my mom accidentally met me and greeted me with ______.To her surprise,I ______ her on purpose,threw her a hateful look and ran away.Later,one of my classmates said,“Your mom is very ______ with only one eye.”Just then,I did nothing but my face burned with ______ .On reaching home,I complained to her that she made me embarrassed.I barely noticed her ______ because of anger,much ______ stopped to think for a second about my rude ______ .I must have hurt her feelings.
Being eager to escape from my home,I studied hard,hoping for a chance to live far away.Years
later,my ______ eventually paid off and was admitted to a university.After graduation,I settled in another city,devoted to my family and ______ came home.One day,I received a call regarding a school reunion.
______ ,I returned to attend our reunion where I chatted with my teacher.She told me a ______ ,which shocked me and made a ______ .She said she ______ to do this because she had promised my mother not to say it.Then she said she was ______ of my mother,who couldn’t ______ watching me growing up with
______ .When I was very little,I was involved in an accident,and lost one eye.As a mother,she gave me hers. At that moment,I burst into tears and rushed out to my home with great ______ .I came to know that our mother loved us ______ and never expected any reward.
【1】
A．hopeless B．determined C．pleased D．unwilling
【2】
A．avoided B．started C．risked D．enjoyed
【3】
A．anxiety B．pleasure C．appreciation D．curiosity
【4】
A．resisted B．refused C．ignored D．scared
【5】
A．special B．typical C．annoyed D．disappointed
【6】
A．sorrow
【7】
A．attitude
【8】
A．later
【9】
A．thought
【10】
A．enthusiasm
【11】
A．hardly
【12】
A．Instead
【13】
A．lie
【14】
A．fortune
【15】
A．hesitated
【16】
A．tired
【17】
A．insist
【18】
A．disability
【19】
A．devotion
【20】
A．violently
B．shame B．wisdom B．worse B．behavior B．confidence B．occasionally B．However B．story B．difference B．attempted B．frightened B．deny B．shortcoming B．admiration B．unconditionally C．guilt C．misunderstanding C．less C．courage C．effort C．frequently C．Otherwise C．secret C．decision C．failed C．ashamed C．admit C．doubt C．regret C．faithfully D．dissatisfaction
D．response
D．further
D．reaction
D．determination
D．immediately
D．Therefore
D．joke
D．contribution
D．pretended
D．proud
D．stand
D．protection
D．relief
D．automatically
全国高二高中英语单元试卷答案及解析
一、阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Have you ever heard a news reporter talk about DNA?Reporters talk about DNA found at the scene of a crime.They talk about police finding DNA “fingerprints”.Police sometimes use DNA as a clue to find out who committed the crime.
DNA is a substance(物质)that makes up genes.Everything alive has genes.Plants have genes.Animals have genes.You have genes.
Genes are the basic units of heredity(遗传).Heredity means all the characteristics you inherit from your
parents.You get your genes from your parents.You inherit half of your genes from your mother.You inherit half of your genes from your father.
Genes are a kind of code.A tree’s genes tell what shape its leaves will be.A cat’s genes tell what color its fur will be.Your genes tell what color your eyes will be.Your genes tell what color your hair will be.Everything about you comes from the code in your genes.
Genes line up on strands(链)called chromosomes(染色体)in cells.Everything alive is made up of cells.Chromosomes are in the center,or nucleus of cells.
Different parts of you are made of different kinds of cells.Your muscles are made of muscle cells.Your skin is made of skin cells.The code in your genes tells your body to make different kinds of cells.The genes in each cell tell the cell how to work.They tell the cell when to make new copies of itself.
An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel first saw inherited patterns in pea plants.He experimented with pea plants in the 1860s.One of the things,or traits(特质) Mendel studied was what makes some pea plants tall and
some short.He said that the traits must come from units of heredity passed from the parent plants.These units were later called genes.
In the mid-1900s,scientists discovered that genes are made of DNA.In the 1970s,scientists learned how to change DNA with genetic engineering.Scientists also learned that problems with certain genes cause
diseases.Muscular dystrophy,cystic fibrosis,and hemophilia are some genetic diseases—diseases caused by problems in genes.Today,scientists are looking for ways to cure genetic diseases by changing genes through a process called gene therapy. 【1】What is DNA?
A．DNA is a kind of gene.
B．DNA is a substance that makes up genes. C．DNA is the basic unit of heredity. D．DNA is a measure to protect crime.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知,B项正确。
【2】Which of the following about genes is correct according to the passage? A．Plants,animals and human beings have the same genes.
B．Half people inherit all genes from their mother,others from their father.
C．Genes decide the trees shapes,the cats’ fur color and our eyes’ color as well. D．Genes will give you a code when you need them.
【答案】C
【解析】解析:细节理解题。由第四段可知,C项正确。
【3】An Austrian monk named Gregor Mendel . A．first saw inherited patterns in people
B．was interested in why plants were different
C．first called the units of heredity from parents genes D．was the first who discovered genes
【答案】D
【解析】解析:细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知,D项正确。
【4】We can conclude that .
A．scientists were less intelligent than monks in the 1900s B．some genes are bad and can cause diseases
C．we don’t need to worry about genetic diseases any longer D．the discovery of genes may be of great help in our daily life
【答案】D
【解析】解析:推理判断题。由最后一段“Today,scientists are looking for ways to cure genetic diseases by changing genes through a process called gene therapy.”这一信息可知,D项正确。
2.阅读理解。 B
Cloning is suggested as a means of bringing back a relative,usually a child,killed tragically.Some parents can understand that wish,but it must first be recognized that the copy would be a new baby and not the lost
child.Here lies the difficulty,for the sad parents are seeking not a new baby but a return of the dead one.Since the original would be fondly remembered as having particular talents and interest,would not the parents expect the copy to be the same?It is possible,however,that the copy would develop quite differently.Is it fair to the new child to be placed in a family with such unnatural expectations?
Copying is also suggested as a means by which parents can have the child of their dreams.Couples might choose to have a copy of a film star,baseball player or scientist,depending on their interest.But because
personality is only partly the result of genetic inheritance(遗传),conflicts would be sure to arise if the cloned child failed to develop the same interest as the original.What if the copy of Einstein shows no interest in science?Or the baseball player turns to acting?Success also depends upon fortune.What if the child does not live up to the hopes and dreams of the parents simply because of bad luck?
Every child should be wanted for itself,as an individual.In making a copy of oneself or some famous person,a parent is deliberately(深思熟虑地)specifying(详细说明)the way he or she wishes that child to develop.In recent years,particularly in the U.S.,much importance has been placed on the right of individuals to reproduce in ways that they wish.So I suggest there is a greater need to consider the interest of the child and to reject these proposed uses of cloning.
【1】What happens to parents in cloning a lost child? A．Parents expect too much from the copy. B．Parents may get a quite different copy. C．Parents are sure to have an identical copy. D．Parents lose the talents of the lost child.
【答案】A
【解析】由第一段“for the sad parents are seeking not a new baby but a return of the dead one.Since the original would be fondly remembered as having particular talents and interest,...”这一信息可知,A项正确。
【2】What,in the author’s opinion, affects the success of parents’ dreams? A．The cloned child’s interest in Einstein. B．The cloned child’s natural talent. C．The cloned child’s personality. D．The efforts of the parents.
【答案】C
【解析】从第二段“But because personality is only partly the result of genetic inheritance(遗传),conflicts would be sure to arise if the cloned child failed to develop the same interest as the original...Success also depends upon fortune.”这一信息可知,C项正确。
【3】In the last paragraph,the author implies that . A．the cloned child is viewed as independent
B．the right of growing in his own way is taken away from the cloned child C．parents carefully protect the rights of the cloned child
D．parents are eager to wish the cloned child to be somebody.
【答案】B
【解析】由最后一段“a parent is deliberately(深思熟虑地)specifying(详细说明)the way he or she wishes that child to develop.In recent years,particularly in the U.S.,much importance has been placed on the right of individuals to reproduce in ways that they wish.”这一信息可知,B项正确。
【4】In this passage,the author is mainly concerned about . A．the future of a cloned child B．the possibility of cloning people C．the importance of cloning a lost child D．the problems of a cloned child
【答案】D
【解析】本文主要讲述了有关克隆孩子存在的问题。故D项正确。
二、其他
七选五阅读。
Pearls of wisdom in Proverbs
Out of sight,out of mind.An apple a day keeps the doctor away.Don’t put all your eggs in one basket. 【1】Each of the proverbs mentioned above teaches a common truth.But what exactly is a proverb?It’s a short statement that contains a general truth.It is popularly known and often repeated. Every culture has proverbs. 【答案】B
【解析】由B项中these proverbs这一信息和本段空前所列举的三个例子可知,此处应选B项。
【2】For example,many cultures value old people for their wisdom and experience.This idea can be found in proverbs.A Chinese proverb says,“An old horse will never get lost.” And a Portuguese proverb states,“An old pan is the one that makes good food.” 【答案】D
【解析】第二段主要讲述了尽管文化不同,但是不同的谚语却表达着共同的主题。故D项正确。
【3】The English say,“Good and quickly seldom meet.” The Chinese say,“Think three times before you act.” A Russian proverb exclaims,“Take your thoughts to bed with you,for the morning is wiser.”
There is a saying:To truly know a people,learn their proverbs.Proverbs contain a culture’s values and morals. 【答案】C
【解析】由后面所列举的三个谚语的内容可知,都讲述的是有关“acting in a hurry is not a good idea”这一主题。
【4】 People in Saudi Arabia value books and learning.One of their proverbs says,“A book is a garden carried in the pocket.” The French say,“There is no pillow so soft as a clear conscience.” So that culture thinks that being honest is important.Egyptians know the value of friendship.One of their proverbs say,“Friendship doubles joy and halves grief.”
In Africa,many proverbs also use images familiar to Africans.For example,“The best way to eat an elephant in your path is cut him up into little pieces.” 【答案】G
【解析】由本段“To truly know a people,learn their proverbs.Proverbs contain a culture’s values and morals.”这一信息可知,G 项正确。
【5】 Or “A roaring lion kills no game.” This means that one cannot achieve anything by sitting around and talking about it.One must get out and strive for it.
Learning proverbs in another language is fun.You can make a good impression with your language ability.But remember proverbs are usually used in spoken language.They are rarely used in writing.If you use a lot of proverbs when you write,people will think you don’t have original thoughts. A．What is your favorite proverb?
B．Have you heard any of these proverbs before?
C．Many cultures also agree that acting in a hurry is not a good idea. D．And while some are special for one culture,there are common themes. E.In other words,the best way to solve a problem is to work on it bit by bit. F.There are also proverbs such as “get your ducks in a row.”
G.So you can learn what is valued in different cultures through their proverbs. 【答案】E
【解析】由本段所列举的两个谚语可知,E项与此有关。
三、完形填空
完形填空。
My mom cooked for my classmates in my elementary school.Although she loved me so much,I still hated her.I was ______ to accept the fact that she was different and ______ talking with her in my school. One day my mom accidentally met me and greeted me with ______.To her surprise,I ______ her on purpose,threw her a hateful look and ran away.Later,one of my classmates said,“Your mom is very ______ with only one eye.”Just then,I did nothing but my face burned with ______ .On reaching home,I complained to her that she made me embarrassed.I barely noticed her ______ because of anger,much ______ stopped to think for a second about my rude ______ .I must have hurt her feelings. Being eager to escape from my home,I studied hard,hoping for a chance to live far away.Years
later,my ______ eventually paid off and was admitted to a university.After graduation,I settled in another city,devoted to my family and ______ came home.One day,I received a call regarding a school reunion.
______ ,I returned to attend our reunion where I chatted with my teacher.She told me a ______ ,which shocked me and made a ______ .She said she ______ to do this because she had promised my mother not to say it.Then she said she was ______ of my mother,who couldn’t ______ watching me growing up with
______ .When I was very little,I was involved in an accident,and lost one eye.As a mother,she gave me hers. At that moment,I burst into tears and rushed out to my home with great ______ .I came to know that our mother loved us ______ and never expected any reward.
【1】
A．hopeless
【2】
A．avoided
【3】
A．anxiety
【4】
A．resisted
【5】
A．special
【6】
A．sorrow
【7】
A．attitude
【8】
A．later
【9】
A．thought
【10】
A．enthusiasm
【11】
A．hardly
【12】
A．Instead
【13】
A．lie
【14】
A．fortune
【15】
A．hesitated
【16】
A．tired
【17】
A．insist B．determined B．started B．pleasure B．refused B．typical B．shame B．wisdom B．worse B．behavior B．confidence B．occasionally B．However B．story B．difference B．attempted B．frightened B．deny C．pleased C．risked C．appreciation C．ignored C．annoyed C．guilt C．misunderstandingC．less C．courage C．effort C．frequently C．Otherwise C．secret C．decision C．failed C．ashamed C．admit D．unwilling
D．enjoyed
D．curiosity
D．scared
D．disappointed
D．dissatisfaction
D．response
D．further
D．reaction
D．determination
D．immediately
D．Therefore
D．joke
D．contribution
D．pretended
D．proud
D．stand
【18】
A．disability B．shortcoming C．doubt D．protection
【19】
A．devotion B．admiration C．regret D．relief
【20】
A．violently B．unconditionally C．faithfully D．automatically
【答案】【1】D 【2】A 【3】B 【4】C 【5】A 【6】B 【7】D 【8】C 【9】B 【10】C 【11】A 【12】D 【13】C 【14】B 【15】A 【16】D 【17】D 【18】A 【19】C 【20】B
【解析】试题分析:
【1】前文提到了母亲虽然爱自己,但是自己却很讨厌她,所以作者不愿意接受母亲和别人不一样的事实,也尽量避免在学校和母亲交谈。 【2】见上题解析。
【3】由全文可看出母亲很爱作者,母亲很高兴地和作者打招呼。
【4】由母亲的惊讶可知,作者有意忽略了母亲的问候,还以一个憎恶的表情然后跑开了。
【5】由下文作者的脸发烫及此空后提到的母亲只有一只眼睛可知,她的同学说她母亲很特别。
【6】由上文作者刻意回避母亲,到同学看到自己的母亲并说她很特别可推断出,作者此时感到的是一种耻辱。 【7】回到家的作者抱怨母亲让自己尴尬,也因生气没注意母亲对自己抱怨的反应。 【8】作者因生气连母亲的反应都没注意到,更不用说停下来思考自己的无理行为了。 【9】见上题解析。
【10】作者努力学习并最终被大学录取,作者的努力得到了回报。
【11】由上文作者渴望逃离家及下文老师告诉自己秘密后作者的反应可以推断,作者在另外一个城市定居下来后很少回家看母亲。
【12】作者接到学校举行聚会的电话后回去参加聚会,前后为因果关系。 【13】由下文作者的震惊可知,这里是表示作者不知道的秘密。
【14】由下文作者的改变可知,这个秘密不仅让作者震惊而且很重要。
【15】老师曾经答应过母亲不说出这个秘密,所以老师在犹豫是否要告诉作者这件事。 【16】母亲无私地把眼睛给了自己的孩子,老师为母亲感到骄傲。
【17】母亲不忍心看到自己的孩子伴随着残疾长大,母亲捐出了自己的眼睛。 【18】见上题解析。
【19】由上文作者对母亲的态度及哭着跑回家可知,作者很后悔自己的行为。
【20】由全文作者母亲为作者捐献眼睛这件事可知,我们的母亲在无条件地爱着我们。
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